
Palletising plays a crucial role in manufacturing, warehousing, and logistics by ensuring products are efficiently stacked for transportation and storage. As businesses strive for greater efficiency and cost-effectiveness, they must choose between manual and automatic palletisers.
While manual palletising relies on human labour, automatic palletisers use advanced machinery and robotics to streamline operations. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages, and choosing the right one depends on factors such as production volumes, cost, efficiency, and business size and growth expectations.
In this comprehensive palletiser comparison, we will explore the differences between manual and automatic palletisers, examining their cost implications, efficiency levels, and long-term impact on operations.
What Are Palletisers, and Why Are They Important?
Palletisers are used to systematically stack, organise, and secure products onto pallets, making them easier to transport, store, and distribute. They are essential in industries such as:
- Food and Beverage
- Pharmaceuticals
- Consumer Goods
- Retail and E-commerce
- Manufacturing
Efficient palletising ensures that products remain stable and intact, reducing damage during shipping and enhancing supply chain productivity. The choice between manual vs. automatic palletisers depends on a company’s scale of operations, budget, labour availability, and long-term growth plans.
Manual Palletising: How It Works & Key Advantages
Manual palletising involves workers physically stacking products onto pallets. Some businesses may incorporate basic tools and equipment, such as:
- Roller conveyors to move products closer to workers
- Lift-assist devices to reduce strain on employees
- Forklifts and pallet jacks to transport completed pallets
While manual palletising provides flexibility, it relies on human labour, which can become physically demanding and less efficient as production volumes increase.
Advantages of Manual Palletising
- Low Initial Investment – Manual palletising requires little to no upfront capital investment compared to automated systems.
- Flexibility for Varied Products – Human workers can quickly adjust to different product types, sizes, and shapes without needing reprogramming or specialised setups.
- Minimal Maintenance Costs – Unlike automated systems that can require regular software updates and mechanical servicing, manual palletising has low maintenance expenses.
- Ideal for Small and Medium-Sized Businesses (SMBs) – Companies with very low production volumes benefit from the cost-effectiveness and adaptability of manual palletising.
Challenges of Manual Palletising
- Labour-Intensive and Slower Productivity – Human workers cannot match the speed and efficiency of automated palletisers, leading to potential bottlenecks in high-demand operations.
- Higher Long-Term Costs – While initial costs are lower, ongoing labour expenses (wages and associated costs, training, worker benefits etc.) can add up over time.
- Increased Risk of Workplace Injuries – Manual lifting, repetitive movements, and improper ergonomics contribute to workplace injuries, such as back strain and musculoskeletal disorders.
- Inconsistent Stacking & Higher Error Rates – Variations in human performance can lead to unstable pallet loads, increasing the risk of product damage during transit.
Best Use Cases for Manual Palletising
Manual palletising is ideal for businesses with:
- Low production volumes
- Frequent changes in product type or packaging, or irregular shaped packaging
- Limited space for automation equipment
- Tight budgets that cannot accommodate large capital investments
Automatic Palletising: How It Works & Key Advantages
Automated palletisers use mechanised or robotic systems to efficiently stack items onto pallets with minimal human intervention. These systems can be fully automated or semi-automated, depending on the level of human involvement required.
Types of automatic palletisers include:
- Robotic Palletisers – These use robotic arms to pick and place items in pre-programmed stacking patterns.
- Layer Former Palletisers – Typically operate from an elevated platform and move products into position before arranging whole layers on pallets.
- Cobot Palletisers – Use robotic arms to pick, position, and stack products onto pallets, operating safely alongside human workers.
Advantages of Automatic Palletising
- Superior Speed & Productivity – Automated systems work at high speeds, handling thousands of products per hour, significantly increasing throughput.
- Consistency & Precision – Unlike human labour, automated palletisers eliminate stacking errors and ensure uniform pallet loads, reducing the risk of product damage.
- Lower Long-Term Costs – Although the initial investment is high, businesses save money in the long run by reducing labour expenses and increasing efficiency.
- Enhanced Workplace Safety – Automation minimises manual lifting and repetitive strain, leading to fewer workplace injuries and associated costs.
- Seamless Integration with Production Lines – Automated palletisers can connect with conveyor systems, packaging lines, and warehouse management software, optimising supply chain operations.
Challenges of Automatic Palletising
- High Upfront Costs – Purchasing, installing, and maintaining automated palletisers requires a significant capital investment unless you use a company like Granta that offers hire or leasing options on their palletisers.
- Limited Flexibility for Frequent Product Changes – Initially, setup may require specific programming for each product type, unless you install an easy program palletising system like the Granta patented easy programming software that can be programmed in minutes by your staff.
- Requires Trained Operators & Maintenance – Employees must be trained to operate, troubleshoot, and maintain automated palletisers.
Best Use Cases for Automatic Palletising
Automatic palletisers are ideal for businesses with:
- High production volumes requiring fast throughput
- Consistent packaging sizes and pallet configurations, although system with easy programming software can easily accommodate frequent product changes.
- A focus on cost reduction through automation
- The need for enhanced workplace safety and efficiency
Manual vs. Automatic Palletisers: A Side-by-Side Comparison
Manual Palletising | Automatic Palletising | |
Initial Investment | Low | High |
Long-Term Costs | High (due to labour) | Lower (savings on labour) |
Productivity Speed | Slower | Faster |
Stacking Accuracy | Variable (human error) | High (consistent and precise) |
Workplace Safety | Risk of injuries | Safer (less manual handling) |
Adaptability to Different Products | High (workers can adjust quickly) | Lower if the system does not have easy programming software (requires reprogramming) |
Production Continuity | Intermittent production due to staff stopping for breaks, holidays, sickness and unexpected absences. | Continuous products due to no stopping for breaks, holidays, sickness, unexpected absences. |
Best for | Small businesses, with low production volumes | Higher-volume production, scalability, reliability |
Which Palletising System Is Right for Your Business?
For companies with very low production volumes where palletising is not required for more than 3-4 hours per day, manual palletising may remain the most cost-effective and adaptable solution. These businesses benefit from the lower initial investment and the ability to handle diverse packaging requirements. However, companies experiencing growth and increased demand may consider semi-automated palletising as a transition towards full automation.
Companies that require high efficiency, fast throughput, and consistent quality benefit from automatic palletising systems. The long-term cost savings, increased speed, and enhanced safety make automation the preferred choice for large-scale manufacturers.
In today’s evolving business landscape, the way customers view companies using robots and automation can influence brand perception. Adopting automation can help improve efficiency and demonstrate that your business is keeping up with new technologies—something many customers appreciate. Including this in your marketing strategy can show that you’re thinking ahead and looking for smarter ways to operate. On the other hand, avoiding automation may risk making your business seem a step behind, especially as more companies move in that direction.
Choosing between manual vs. automatic palletisers depends on your business’s budget, production scale, and long-term goals.
If you would like to know more about the Granta palletising systems or AMR/AGV systems, then please do get in touch on 01223 499488 or contact us at helpline@granta-automation.co.uk. We will be very happy to help.
Find out more…
- The Hidden Costs of Downtime in Food & Beverage Production
- How Robotic Palletisers Deliver Fast ROI for Manufacturers
- How to Overcome Labour Shortages in Manufacturing & Logistics
- Optimising Food Production with Automated Palletising Solutions
- The Real Cost of Manual Palletising: Why Automation is the Smarter Choice